Britain and the modernization policy in Iraq 1945-1958 AD (documentary study)
Keywords:
Reconstruction Council,, Middle East Office,, Iraqi economy, reformsAbstract
The contemporary history of Iraq revolved around Britain's attempts to unify its three provinces (Basra, Mosul, and Baghdad) into a single administrative and political unit. Before it was established in 1921 AD, it was a territory belonging to the Ottoman Empire consisting of three states, each of which had special geographical, ethnic, and religious characteristics. The area of desert areas greatly exceeded the area of cultivated areas, and the authority of the tribe was stronger than that of the state. The great potential offered by the Tigris and Euphrates rivers was neglected for a long time. After the end of World War II (1939-1945), the British administration wanted to maintain its influence in Iraq by extending its economic influence in the country under the pretext of its economic backwardness and the declining standard of living of the population. At that time, it used its pervasive influence in the Iraqi government, which was represented by its Iraqi politicians. Through these projects, it was able to consolidate its political position again, especially after it helped Iraq join the United Nations and the Arab League.
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