Islamic State's Censorship over the People of Dhimmi during the Era of the Islamic State and the Alrrashida Caliphate - Market Overseer’s Censorship as Representative Model-

Abstract

Abstract

Hisbah (accountability) is one of the religious plans based on the command of virtue and prevention of vice. Hisbah is one of the most important interests, including the benefits of the people and the preservation of their money and regularity of their conditions. This profession requires the control of prices, the quality of goods, control of balances and prices. This role was played by the market overseer, which included both Muslims and non-Muslims, taking into account the conditions of the treaty. It was stipulated that the dhimmi people (non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection), should be treated within the limits of a new society based on the Islamic religion. It was deprived of a kind, set rituals and appointed manners that dhimmi must follow. It allows such people to coexist in an Islamic society that has its rules and requirements between lawful and non-lawful deeds to apply the principles and teachings of the Islamic religion. The Islamic State has not neglected to guarantee some of the freedoms it has allowed to the people of dhimmi. Such freedoms do not contradict the teachings of religion and the general principles of the Islamic State. This reflects its tolerance of its subjects of other religions, unlike some countries where other religions have been harmed and restricted to Muslims who pass or settle in that country. This research outlines the policy of the Islamic State to deal with the people of dhimmi through texts derived from the Holy Qur'an and the Prophet's Sunnah. In addition, the mention of practical practices in this regard is carried out by the Holy Prophet (peace be upon him and his progeny) and the caliphs. In addition, it shows the role of the calculated in the performance of his supervisory role on the people of dhimmi. Besides, it shows us the supervision of the Prophet (peace be upon him) on the people of dhimmi and their transactions in the sales and forbidden the forbidden sales and the sanctity of its money. It was also clear that it is not permissible to tolerate the people of dhimmi in matters of religion and divine law because of the seriousness of this matter on Islam, and the covenant written during the reign of the second wise caliph Omar ibn al-Khattab (may Allah accept him) was the basis on which the relationship between the Islamic State and the people of dhimmi was based. He adopted it in the practice of his supervisory work on the people of dhimmi, which contained many religious, economic and social obligations that organized their public life in the Islamic State.